What lifestyle modifications should I advise to a patient who has recently undergone a kidney transplant?

Advise the patient to adopt a heart-healthy lifestyle that includes regular physical activity, smoking cessation, and maintaining a healthy weight to reduce cardiovascular risk, which is elevated after kidney transplantation. Encourage tailored exercise programs as tolerated to improve overall wellbeing and cardiovascular health.

Recommend dietary modifications guided by a specialist renal dietitian, focusing on balanced intake of calories, protein, sodium, potassium, and phosphate to support graft function and prevent complications. Fluid intake should be individualized based on clinical status and biochemical monitoring.

Stress the importance of medication adherence, including immunosuppressants, and regular follow-up appointments to monitor graft function and detect complications early. Provide psychological support or referral if there are risk factors such as poor social support or mental health issues that may affect adherence.

Advise avoidance of substance misuse and counsel on safe sexual practices and infection prevention measures. Coordinate care to minimize treatment burden and support self-management through accessible information and shared decision-making.