What criteria should I use to determine if a patient with a miscarriage requires referral to a specialist?

Guideline-aligned answer with reasoning, red flags and references. Clinically reviewed by Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MRCGP.

Posted: 16 August 2025Updated: 16 August 2025 Guideline-Aligned (High Confidence) Clinically Reviewed
Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MRCGPClinical Lead • iatroX

Criteria for referral to a specialist for a patient with miscarriage include:

  • Presence of pain and/or bleeding in early pregnancy that requires assessment by a healthcare professional before referral to an early pregnancy assessment service (specialist) .
  • Clinical instability or significant symptoms such as heavy bleeding, pelvic pain, or fever after miscarriage, especially if symptoms worsen or new symptoms develop .
  • Positive pregnancy test after 3 weeks post-miscarriage requiring review to rule out retained products, molar or ectopic pregnancy, or need for further treatment .
  • Women with recurrent miscarriage or previous ectopic or molar pregnancy may self-refer directly to early pregnancy assessment services .
  • Need for ultrasound and serum hCG assessment to confirm diagnosis and guide management, which is typically available in specialist early pregnancy assessment services .
  • Women who are clinically unstable, have significant pain, or do not meet criteria for expectant management should be referred for specialist assessment .

Referral should ensure access to a specialist early pregnancy assessment service that operates 7 days a week and can provide timely ultrasound and hCG testing, with staff trained in sensitive communication .

Educational content only. Always verify information and use clinical judgement.