When should I consider referring a patient with GERD for surgical evaluation, such as fundoplication?

Guideline-aligned answer with reasoning, red flags and references. Clinically reviewed by Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MRCGP.

Posted: 16 August 2025 Guideline-Aligned (High Confidence) Clinically Reviewed
Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MRCGPClinical Lead • iatroX

Consider referring a patient with GERD for surgical evaluation, such as fundoplication, if they have a confirmed diagnosis of acid reflux and are either:

  • Symptomatic despite adequate symptom control with acid suppression therapy, and do not wish to continue long-term therapy .
  • Responding to a PPI but cannot tolerate acid suppression therapy .
  • Have persistent, refractory, or unexplained symptoms despite treatment .
  • Have suspected GORD and are considering surgery, especially if they have risk factors for Barrett's oesophagus, which warrants specialist assessment .

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