What are the common side effects of leukaemia treatments that I should monitor in my patients?

Common side effects of leukemia treatments that you should monitor in your patients include myelosuppression leading to neutropenia, anaemia, and thrombocytopenia, which increase the risk of infections, bleeding, and fatigue ¹ (Davis et al., 2014). Neutropenic sepsis is a critical complication requiring prompt recognition and management, so monitoring for fever and signs of infection is essential ¹ (Davis et al., 2014). Chemotherapy can also cause gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea, vomiting, mucositis, and diarrhoea, which impact patient nutrition and quality of life ¹ (Davis et al., 2014). Additionally, patients may experience alopecia and skin changes as common adverse effects ¹. Some treatments, including corticosteroids used in leukemia protocols, can lead to hyperglycaemia, mood changes, and increased infection risk, necessitating monitoring of blood glucose and mental health ¹ (Davis et al., 2014). Cardiotoxicity and secondary malignancies are less common but important long-term risks to be aware of, especially with certain chemotherapeutic agents ¹. Overall, vigilant monitoring for haematological toxicity, infection signs, gastrointestinal symptoms, and corticosteroid-related effects is crucial in managing patients undergoing leukemia treatment ¹ (Davis et al., 2014).