What are the indications for referral to secondary care for patients with severe reactions to insect stings?

Guideline-aligned answer with reasoning, red flags and references. Clinically reviewed by Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MRCGP.

Posted: 16 August 2025 Guideline-Aligned (High Confidence) Clinically Reviewed
Dr Kola Tytler MBBS CertHE MBA MRCGPClinical Lead • iatroX

Arrange immediate admission to Accident and Emergency for anyone suspected of having a systemic hypersensitivity or toxic reaction to an insect sting or bite, or who has had a previous systemic allergic reaction to the same type of sting or bite .

Arrange immediate admission for individuals with symptoms such as shock, angio-oedema, or anaphylaxis, while awaiting emergency transfer to hospital .

Arrange immediate admission for those stung on the mouth, throat, or tongue and at risk of airway obstruction, or around the eyes with risk of compromised vision .

Arrange immediate admission for cellulitis associated with systemic effects or worsening despite treatment .

Arrange immediate admission for fever or persistent lesions following a bite or sting during travel outside the UK, or from unusual insects from tropical/sub-tropical areas .

Patients who have experienced a systemic reaction to an insect sting should be referred to an allergy specialist for further investigation and management .

Educational content only. Always verify information and use clinical judgement.