When should I consider referring a patient with hypoparathyroidism to an endocrinologist?

Consider referring a patient with hypoparathyroidism to an endocrinologist when:

• There is diagnostic uncertainty or difficulty in managing calcium and parathyroid hormone levels.
• The patient has symptoms that are complex, persistent, or not responding to standard treatment.
• Specialist advice is needed for monitoring and managing complications such as hypocalcaemia or related metabolic disturbances.
• There is a need for multidisciplinary input, for example in pregnancy or when considering advanced therapies.

Although the provided guidelines focus primarily on hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcaemia, the principle of referring to an endocrinologist applies when parathyroid disorders require specialist assessment and management beyond primary care capabilities. Endocrinologists have expertise in managing parathyroid hormone disorders, including hypoparathyroidism, and can guide treatment, monitoring, and investigation of underlying causes or complications.