For patients with suspected FND who require specialist input, refer to a neurology specialist for further assessment and confirmation of the diagnosis, ideally to a general neurology clinic, acute neurology service, or symptom-specific service such as first fit, movement disorders, or cognitive clinic, depending on clinical judgement NICE CKS.
If there is a confirmed positive diagnosis of FND following specialist neurology assessment, it is important to explain that FND is a rule-in diagnosis based on positive physical signs, and symptoms are genuine and potentially reversible NICE CKS.
Referral to psychological support, including cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), may be appropriate for some individuals, especially those with functional seizures, to help identify triggers and provide management strategies NICE CKS.
In cases of uncertainty, severe, or complex symptoms, or if there is a relapse despite management, referral to a neurology or other relevant specialist should be arranged NICE CKS.