An HIV-positive patient on ART with a rising CD4 count develops worsening lymphadenopathy, fever, and new pulmonary infiltrates 3 weeks after starting...

Question

An HIV-positive patient on ART with a rising CD4 count develops worsening lymphadenopathy, fever, and new pulmonary infiltrates 3 weeks after starting anti-TB treatment. Sputum remains smear-negative. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS)

Answer

Treatment failure of TB

Answer

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

Answer

Kaposi sarcoma with pulmonary involvement

Answer

Drug-resistant TB superinfection

uk-dtmh MCQ (SBA): TB-IRIS

An HIV-positive patient on ART with a rising CD4 count develops worsening lymphadenopathy, fever, and new pulmonary infiltrates 3 weeks after starting anti-TB treatment. Sputum remains smear-negative. What is the most likely diagnosis?