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ModerateEmergencyAcute pulmonary oedemauk-plab-1

A 79-year-old woman with known heart failure presents acutely breathless, sitting upright, with pink frothy sputum and bilateral crackles to the mid zones. Her oxygen saturation is 86% on air, respiratory rate 32 breaths per minute, blood pressure 170/100 mmHg. What is the most appropriate immediate pharmacological treatment in the emergency department?

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