MediumCardiologyHeart failure with reduced ejection fractionca-mccqe1ca-rcpsc-im
A 70-year-old man presents to the emergency department with acute dyspnoea and orthopnoea. He has a history of ischaemic cardiomyopathy with an ejection fraction of 30%. He is on ramipril and bisoprolol at target doses. His blood pressure is 118/72 mm Hg, heart rate 80 beats/min, and creatinine is 100 µmol/L with potassium 4.3 mmol/L. According to current Canadian heart failure guidance, which additional chronic therapy is now standard of care to improve morbidity and mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)?